Moral Economy of Islam: Institute of International Studies; University of California, Berkeley
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Akhavi, Shahrough. The clergy's concepts of rule in Egypt and Iran. (Political Islam) Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science v524 (Nov, 1992):92 (11 pages). Abstract: Author Abstract: In the wake of the current cycle of Islamic resurgence, which began at the time of the June 1967 Arab-Israeli war, the question of rule has been at the center of clerical discourse. This article analyzes this question in the debates of the Egyptian and Iranian ulama'. While they agree upon the perception of Islam as both religion and state and upon the need to base public law upon the shari'a (the holy law of Islam), they differ on the role of secular rulers, the relevance of jihad, identifying apostates, calling for rebellion, authorizing the ulama' to rule society, and endowing Islamic states with extraordinary powers. The debate will continue to focus on these issues in the future, as Islamic groups press the case for full implementation of the shari'a in all areas of life, not only in Egypt and Iran but in all Muslim societies. COPYRIGHT Sage Publications Inc. 1992.
Bakhash, Shaul. Iran. American Historical Review v96, n5 (Dec, 1991):1479 (18 pages). Abstract: Meaningful scholarly work on the effects of the Shi'i doctrine of the state in Iran, are sparse. Areas that need to be examined include the role of the religious leaders in Iran over the past 200 years, the effects of economic modernization on the society and the causes of the 1979 Islamic Revolution.
Behrooz, Maziar. Factionalism in Iran under Khomeini. (Ayatollah Khomeini) Middle Eastern Studies v27, n4 (Oct, 1991):597 (18 pages). Abstract: Factional conflict dominated Iranian politics under the Ayatollah Khomeini from 1979 to 1989. The two principal factions were a statist-reformist group that favored state control of the economy and a conservative group that favored the private sector. Both factions claimed Khomeini's support, but by 1987 he clearly had sided with the statist-reformists because he believed state capitalism to be the best way of heading off any threat to Islam. Khomeini's death on Jun 3, 1989 left the factions without their source of legitimation.
Clawson, P. Islam, Iran and World Stability. (book reviews) CHOICE v32, n6 (Feb, 1995):1003. Pub Type: Review.
Dekmejian, R.H. Islam and the Post-Revolutionary State in Iran. (book reviews) CHOICE v32, n4 (Dec, 1994):670. Pub Type: Review.
Karimi-Hakkak, Ahmad. Revolutionary posturing: Iranian writers and the Iranian Revolution of 1979. International Journal of Middle East Studies v23, n4 (Nov, 1991):507 (25 pages).
Kendirbaeva, Gulnar. Time of independence, time of trial: Islam and the political situation in the C.I.S. (Turkey and Iran influence politics of Commonwealth Independent States) Asian Affairs v24, n3 (Oct, 1993):280. Abstract: Turkey and Iran attempt to influence the politics of the new independent states in the former Soviet Union, but do not intend to export Islam. The Economic Cooperation Organisation unites Iran, Turkey and Pakistan and aims for the establishment of a Common Islamic Market. Some Muslim clergy in the former Soviet Union pursue political activities and Muslim Religious Boards divide into national units. Popular Islamic fundamentalism is nationalistic.
Makinda, Samuel M. Iran, Sudan and Islam. World Today v49, n6 (June, 1993):108 (4 pages). Abstract:Sudan's improving relations with Iran are a source of concern to both the country's neighbors and the West. The country's Islamization had progressed to the point that all government decisions were being made according to Islamic law by the late 1980s. Iran's involvement arose due to the country's regional ambitions, particularly its interest in impacting the Middle Eastern peace negotiations and in promoting Islamic fundamentalism abroad. The fact that the Sudan and Iran belong to different Islamic traditions may impede a closer connection between them.
Noorbaksh, Mehdi. The Middle East, Islam and the United States: the special case of Iran. (US and threat of Islamic fundamentalism) Middle East Policy v2, n3 (Summer, 1993):78 (20 pages). Abstract: The perceived threat of Islamic fundamentalism to world peace and security is based on politically and ideologically motivated misinterpretation of the reformist nature of Islamic revival. The portrayal of Iran as a radical Islamic terrorist state by the US has strengthened the extremists and weakened democratic, reformists groups in Iran. The spread of democracy and the introduction of socio-political reforms in the Middle East, especially in Iran, will undermine US domination over the region.
Obermeyer, Carla Makhlouf. Reproductive choice in Islam: gender and state in Iran and Tunisia. Studies in Family Planning v25, n1 (Jan-Feb, 1994):41 (11 pages).
Olson, R.W. The Warriors of Islam: Iran's Revolutionary Guard. (book reviews) CHOICE v30, n11 (July-August, 1993):1836 (2 pages). Pub Type: Review.
Ram, Haggay. Crushing the opposition: adversaries of the Islamic Republic of Iran. (using Islam for political ends) Middle East Journal v46, n3 (Summer, 1992):426 (14 pages).
Shahidian, Hammed. Islam, politics, and problems of writing women's history in Iran. Journal of Women's History v7, n2 (Summer, 1995):113 (32 pages). Abstract: Writing women's history in Iran is complicated by the unavailability of raw data and potential unrealiability of existing data which is mainly due to the prevalence of sexism in Iranian social sciences. Religion and politics severely hamper research on women's life in Iran. Oral histories are one source that, though rarely used, can provide a truer version of events such as women's participation in the Iranian Revolution. The lack of information on women's history makes it difficult for the current women's movement in Iran to have a foundation.
Teimourian, Hazhir. Iran's 15 years of Islam. World Today v50, n4 (April, 1994): 67 (4 pages). Abstract: Iran's 15 years under Islam have done little for the country's economic or social well-being. Iran is much poorer than during the Shah's regime. The monthly income of the average worker is far below the poverty level and the fall in revenues from oil-sales have vastly increased the country's total debt. Social freedoms are much more restricted than was the case under the Shah. In the Iranian theocracy, any criticism of Islam can lead to a death sentence for blasphemy. Iran's intransigent foreign policy has even isolated the country from the Arab world.
The Warriors of Islam. Iran's Revolutionary Guard. (book reviews) Middle East, n229 (Dec, 1993):42 (2 pages). Pub Type: Review.
Yeganeh, Nahid. Women, nationalism and Islam in contemporary political discourse in Iran. (Nationalisms and National Identities) Feminist Review, n44 (Summer, 1993):3 (16 pages). Abstract: The modern nationalist, Islamic-centered government of Iran relegates women to a lesser public role and deprives them of their traditional influence over private, family matters even though Islamic doctrine expressly regards certain matters, such as participation in the education system and family upbringing, as women's work. The fact that women's status and rights decreased in the areas Islam sanctioned as appropriate for women's involvement reveals that the modern Iranian government has skewed Islamic doctrine to make women's unequal status a religious, thus government-mandated, policy.
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